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## org.apache.catalina.authenticator
Class SingleSignOn

    java.lang.Object
      org.apache.catalina.valves.ValveBase
          org.apache.catalina.authenticator.SingleSignOn

All Implemented Interfaces:
  javax.management.MBeanRegistration, Contained, Lifecycle, SessionListener, Valve

Direct Known Subclasses:
  ClusterSingleSignOn

    public class SingleSignOn

extends ValveBase
implements Lifecycle, SessionListener

A Valve that supports a "single sign on" user experience, where the security identity of a user who successfully authenticates to one web application is propogated to other web applications in the same security domain. For successful use, the following requirements must be met:

- This Valve must be configured on the Container that represents a virtual host (typically an implementation of `Host`).
- The `Realm` that contains the shared user and role information must be configured on the same Container (or a higher one), and not overridden at the web application level.
- The web applications themselves must use one of the standard Authenticators found in the `org.apache.catalina.authenticator` package.

Author:
  Craig R. McClanahan

Field Summary
`protected java.util.Map<java.lang.String,SingleSignOnEntry>` | `cache` The cache of SingleSignOnEntry instances for authenticated Principals, keyed by the cookie value that is used to select them.
`protected static java.lang.String` | `info` Descriptive information about this Valve implementation.
`protected LifecycleSupport` | `lifecycle` The lifecycle event support for this component.
`protected java.util.Map<Session,java.lang.String>` | `reverse` The cache of single sign on identifiers, keyed by the Session that is associated with them.
`protected static StringManager` | `sm` The string manager for this package.
`protected boolean` | `started` Component started flag.

Fields inherited from class org.apache.catalina.valves.ValveBase
`container, containerLog, controller, domain, mserver, next, oname`

Fields inherited from interface org.apache.catalina.Lifecycle
`AFTER_START_EVENT, AFTER_STOP_EVENT, BEFORE_START_EVENT, BEFORE_STOP_EVENT, DESTROY_EVENT, INIT_EVENT, PERIODIC_EVENT, START_EVENT, STOP_EVENT`

Constructor Summary
`SingleSignOn()`

Method Summary
`void` | `addLifecycleListener(LifecycleListener listener)` Add a lifecycle event listener to this component.
`protected void` | `associate(java.lang.String ssoId, Session session)` Associate the specified single sign on identifier with the specified Session.
`protected void` | `deregister(java.lang.String ssoId)` Deregister the specified single sign on identifier, and invalidate any associated sessions.
`protected void` | `deregister(java.lang.String ssoId, Session session)` Deregister the specified session.
`LifecycleListener[]` | `findLifecycleListeners()` Get the lifecycle listeners associated with this lifecycle.
`java.lang.String` | `getCookieDomain()` Returns the optional cookie domain.
`java.lang.String` | `getInfo()` Return descriptive information about this Valve implementation.
`boolean` | `getRequireReauthentication()` Gets whether each request needs to be reauthenticated (by an Authenticator downstream in the pipeline) to the security `Realm`, or if this Valve can itself bind security info to the request based on the presence of a valid SSO entry without rechecking with the `Realm`
`void` | `invoke(Request request, Response response)` Perform single-sign-on support processing for this request.
`protected SingleSignOnEntry` | `lookup(java.lang.String ssoId)` Look up and return the cached SingleSignOn entry associated with this sso id value, if there is one; otherwise return `null`.
`protected boolean` | `reauthenticate(java.lang.String ssoId, Realm realm, Request request)` Attempts reauthentication to the given `Realm` using the credentials associated with the single sign-on session identified by argument `ssoId`.
`protected void` | `register(java.lang.String ssoId, java.security.Principal principal, java.lang.String authType, java.lang.String username, java.lang.String password)` Register the specified Principal as being associated with the specified value for the single sign on identifier.
`void` | `removeLifecycleListener(LifecycleListener listener)` Remove a lifecycle event listener from this component.
`protected void` | `removeSession(java.lang.String ssoId, Session session)` Remove a single Session from a SingleSignOn.
`void` | `sessionEvent(SessionEvent event)` Acknowledge the occurrence of the specified event.
`void` | `setCookieDomain(java.lang.String cookieDomain)` Sets the domain to be used for sso cookies.
`void` | `setRequireReauthentication(boolean required)` Sets whether each request needs to be reauthenticated (by an Authenticator downstream in the pipeline) to the security `Realm`, or if this Valve can itself bind security info to the request, based on the presence of a valid SSO entry, without rechecking with the `Realm`
`void` | `start()` Prepare for the beginning of active use of the public methods of this component.
`void` | `stop()` Gracefully terminate the active use of the public methods of this component.
`java.lang.String` | `toString()` Return a String rendering of this object.
`protected void` | `update(java.lang.String ssoId, java.security.Principal principal, java.lang.String authType, java.lang.String username, java.lang.String password)` Updates any `SingleSignOnEntry` found under key `ssoId` with the given authentication data.

Methods inherited from class org.apache.catalina.valves.ValveBase
`backgroundProcess, createObjectName, event, getContainer, getContainerName, getController, getDomain, getNext, getObjectName, getParentName, postDeregister, postRegister, preDeregister, preRegister, setContainer, setController, setNext, setObjectName`

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object
`clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, wait, wait, wait`

Field Detail

### cache

    protected java.util.Map<java.lang.String,SingleSignOnEntry> cache

  The cache of SingleSignOnEntry instances for authenticated Principals, keyed by the cookie value that is used to select them.

### info

    protected static java.lang.String info

  Descriptive information about this Valve implementation.

### lifecycle

    protected LifecycleSupport lifecycle

  The lifecycle event support for this component.

### reverse

    protected java.util.Map<Session,java.lang.String> reverse

  The cache of single sign on identifiers, keyed by the Session that is associated with them.

### sm

    protected static final StringManager sm

  The string manager for this package.

### started

    protected boolean started

  Component started flag.

Constructor Detail

### SingleSignOn

    public SingleSignOn()

Method Detail

### getCookieDomain

    public java.lang.String getCookieDomain()

  Returns the optional cookie domain. May return null.

  Returns:
    The cookie domain

### setCookieDomain

    public void setCookieDomain(java.lang.String cookieDomain)

  Sets the domain to be used for sso cookies.

  Parameters:
    `cookieDomain` - cookie domain name

### getRequireReauthentication

    public boolean getRequireReauthentication()

  Gets whether each request needs to be reauthenticated (by an Authenticator downstream in the pipeline) to the security `Realm`, or if this Valve can itself bind security info to the request based on the presence of a valid SSO entry without rechecking with the `Realm`
  Returns:
    `true` if it is required that a downstream Authenticator reauthenticate each request before calls to `HttpServletRequest.setUserPrincipal()` and `HttpServletRequest.setAuthType()` are made; `false` if the `Valve` can itself make those calls relying on the presence of a valid SingleSignOn entry associated with the request.
  See Also:
    `setRequireReauthentication(boolean)`

### setRequireReauthentication

    public void setRequireReauthentication(boolean required)

  Sets whether each request needs to be reauthenticated (by an Authenticator downstream in the pipeline) to the security `Realm`, or if this Valve can itself bind security info to the request, based on the presence of a valid SSO entry, without rechecking with the `Realm If this property is `false` (the default), this `Valve` will bind a UserPrincipal and AuthType to the request if a valid SSO entry is associated with the request. It will not notify the security `Realm` of the incoming request.

  This property should be set to `true` if the overall server configuration requires that the `Realm` reauthenticate each request thread. An example of such a configuration would be one where the `Realm` implementation provides security for both a web tier and an associated EJB tier, and needs to set security credentials on each request thread in order to support EJB access.

  If this property is set to `true`, this Valve will set flags on the request notifying the downstream Authenticator that the request is associated with an SSO session. The Authenticator will then call its `reauthenticateFromSSO` method to attempt to reauthenticate the request to the `Realm`, using any credentials that were cached with this Valve.

  The default value of this property is `false`, in order to maintain backward compatibility with previous versions of Tomcat.

  `
  Parameters:
    `required` - `true` if it is required that a downstream Authenticator reauthenticate each request before calls to `HttpServletRequest.setUserPrincipal()` and `HttpServletRequest.setAuthType()` are made; `false` if the `Valve` can itself make those calls relying on the presence of a valid SingleSignOn entry associated with the request.
  See Also:
    `AuthenticatorBase.reauthenticateFromSSO(java.lang.String, org.apache.catalina.connector.Request)`

### addLifecycleListener

    public void addLifecycleListener(LifecycleListener listener)

  Add a lifecycle event listener to this component.

  Specified by:
    `addLifecycleListener` in interface `Lifecycle`
  Parameters:
    `listener` - The listener to add

### findLifecycleListeners

    public LifecycleListener[] findLifecycleListeners()

  Get the lifecycle listeners associated with this lifecycle. If this Lifecycle has no listeners registered, a zero-length array is returned.

  Specified by:
    `findLifecycleListeners` in interface `Lifecycle`

### removeLifecycleListener

    public void removeLifecycleListener(LifecycleListener listener)

  Remove a lifecycle event listener from this component.

  Specified by:
    `removeLifecycleListener` in interface `Lifecycle`
  Parameters:
    `listener` - The listener to remove

### start

    public void start()
               throws LifecycleException

  Prepare for the beginning of active use of the public methods of this component. This method should be called after `configure()`, and before any of the public methods of the component are utilized.

  Specified by:
    `start` in interface `Lifecycle`
  Throws:
    `LifecycleException` - if this component detects a fatal error that prevents this component from being used

### stop

    public void stop()
              throws LifecycleException

  Gracefully terminate the active use of the public methods of this component. This method should be the last one called on a given instance of this component.

  Specified by:
    `stop` in interface `Lifecycle`
  Throws:
    `LifecycleException` - if this component detects a fatal error that needs to be reported

### sessionEvent

    public void sessionEvent(SessionEvent event)

  Acknowledge the occurrence of the specified event.

  Specified by:
    `sessionEvent` in interface `SessionListener`
  Parameters:
    `event` - SessionEvent that has occurred

### getInfo

    public java.lang.String getInfo()

  Return descriptive information about this Valve implementation.

  Specified by:
    `getInfo` in interface `Valve`
  Overrides:
    `getInfo` in class `ValveBase`

### invoke

    public void invoke(Request request,
                       Response response)
                throws java.io.IOException,
                       javax.servlet.ServletException

  Perform single-sign-on support processing for this request.

  Specified by:
    `invoke` in interface `Valve`
  Specified by:
    `invoke` in class `ValveBase`
  Parameters:
    `request` - The servlet request we are processing
    `response` - The servlet response we are creating
  Throws:
    `java.io.IOException` - if an input/output error occurs
    `javax.servlet.ServletException` - if a servlet error occurs

### toString

    public java.lang.String toString()

  Return a String rendering of this object.

  Overrides:
    `toString` in class `ValveBase`

### associate

    protected void associate(java.lang.String ssoId,
                             Session session)

  Associate the specified single sign on identifier with the specified Session.

  Parameters:
    `ssoId` - Single sign on identifier
    `session` - Session to be associated

### deregister

    protected void deregister(java.lang.String ssoId,
                              Session session)

  Deregister the specified session. If it is the last session, then also get rid of the single sign on identifier

  Parameters:
    `ssoId` - Single sign on identifier
    `session` - Session to be deregistered

### deregister

    protected void deregister(java.lang.String ssoId)

  Deregister the specified single sign on identifier, and invalidate any associated sessions.

  Parameters:
    `ssoId` - Single sign on identifier to deregister

### reauthenticate

    protected boolean reauthenticate(java.lang.String ssoId,
                                     Realm realm,
                                     Request request)

  Attempts reauthentication to the given `Realm` using the credentials associated with the single sign-on session identified by argument `ssoId`.

  If reauthentication is successful, the `Principal` and authorization type associated with the SSO session will be bound to the given `Request` object via calls to `Request.setAuthType()` and `Request.setUserPrincipal()`

  Parameters:
    `ssoId` - identifier of SingleSignOn session with which the caller is associated
    `realm` - Realm implementation against which the caller is to be authenticated
    `request` - the request that needs to be authenticated
  Returns:
    `true` if reauthentication was successful, `false` otherwise.

### register

    protected void register(java.lang.String ssoId,
                            java.security.Principal principal,
                            java.lang.String authType,
                            java.lang.String username,
                            java.lang.String password)

  Register the specified Principal as being associated with the specified value for the single sign on identifier.

  Parameters:
    `ssoId` - Single sign on identifier to register
    `principal` - Associated user principal that is identified
    `authType` - Authentication type used to authenticate this user principal
    `username` - Username used to authenticate this user
    `password` - Password used to authenticate this user

### update

    protected void update(java.lang.String ssoId,
                          java.security.Principal principal,
                          java.lang.String authType,
                          java.lang.String username,
                          java.lang.String password)

  Updates any `SingleSignOnEntry` found under key `ssoId` with the given authentication data.

  The purpose of this method is to allow an SSO entry that was established without a username/password combination (i.e. established following DIGEST or CLIENT_CERT authentication) to be updated with a username and password if one becomes available through a subsequent BASIC or FORM authentication. The SSO entry will then be usable for reauthentication.

  NOTE: Only updates the SSO entry if a call to `SingleSignOnEntry.getCanReauthenticate()` returns `false`; otherwise, it is assumed that the SSO entry already has sufficient information to allow reauthentication and that no update is needed.

  Parameters:
    `ssoId` - identifier of Single sign to be updated
    `principal` - the `Principal` returned by the latest call to `Realm.authenticate`.
    `authType` - the type of authenticator used (BASIC, CLIENT_CERT, DIGEST or FORM)
    `username` - the username (if any) used for the authentication
    `password` - the password (if any) used for the authentication

### lookup

    protected SingleSignOnEntry lookup(java.lang.String ssoId)

  Look up and return the cached SingleSignOn entry associated with this sso id value, if there is one; otherwise return `null`.

  Parameters:
    `ssoId` - Single sign on identifier to look up

### removeSession

    protected void removeSession(java.lang.String ssoId,
                                 Session session)

  Remove a single Session from a SingleSignOn. Called when a session is timed out and no longer active.

  Parameters:
    `ssoId` - Single sign on identifier from which to remove the session.
    `session` - the session to be removed.

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