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    //
    // Original implementation taken from rust-memchr
    // Copyright 2015 Andrew Gallant, bluss and Nicolas Koch

    use cmp;
    use mem;

    const LO_U64: u64 = 0x0101010101010101;
    const HI_U64: u64 = 0x8080808080808080;

    // use truncation
    const LO_USIZE: usize = LO_U64 as usize;
    const HI_USIZE: usize = HI_U64 as usize;

    /// Return `true` if `x` contains any zero byte.
    ///
    /// From *Matters Computational*, J. Arndt
    ///
    /// "The idea is to subtract one from each of the bytes and then look for
    /// bytes where the borrow propagated all the way to the most significant
    /// bit."
    #[inline]
    fn contains_zero_byte(x: usize) -> bool {
        x.wrapping_sub(LO_USIZE) & !x & HI_USIZE != 0
    }

    #[cfg(target_pointer_width = "16")]
    #[inline]
    fn repeat_byte(b: u8) -> usize {
        (b as usize) << 8 | b as usize
    }

    #[cfg(not(target_pointer_width = "16"))]
    #[inline]
    fn repeat_byte(b: u8) -> usize {
        (b as usize) * (::usize::MAX / 255)
    }

    /// Return the first index matching the byte `x` in `text`.
    pub fn memchr(x: u8, text: &[u8]) -> Option<usize> {
        // Scan for a single byte value by reading two `usize` words at a time.
        //
        // Split `text` in three parts
        // - unaligned initial part, before the first word aligned address in text
        // - body, scan by 2 words at a time
        // - the last remaining part, < 2 word size
        let len = text.len();
        let ptr = text.as_ptr();
        let usize_bytes = mem::size_of::<usize>();

        // search up to an aligned boundary
        let mut offset = ptr.align_offset(usize_bytes);
        if offset > 0 {
            offset = cmp::min(offset, len);
            if let Some(index) = text[..offset].iter().position(|elt| *elt == x) {
                return Some(index);
            }
        }

        // search the body of the text
        let repeated_x = repeat_byte(x);

        if len >= 2 * usize_bytes {
            while offset <= len - 2 * usize_bytes {
                unsafe {
                    let u = *(ptr.add(offset) as *const usize);
                    let v = *(ptr.add(offset + usize_bytes) as *const usize);

                    // break if there is a matching byte
                    let zu = contains_zero_byte(u ^ repeated_x);
                    let zv = contains_zero_byte(v ^ repeated_x);
                    if zu || zv {
                        break;
                    }
                }
                offset += usize_bytes * 2;
            }
        }

        // find the byte after the point the body loop stopped
        text[offset..].iter().position(|elt| *elt == x).map(|i| offset + i)
    }

    /// Return the last index matching the byte `x` in `text`.
    pub fn memrchr(x: u8, text: &[u8]) -> Option<usize> {
        // Scan for a single byte value by reading two `usize` words at a time.
        //
        // Split `text` in three parts
        // - unaligned tail, after the last word aligned address in text
        // - body, scan by 2 words at a time
        // - the first remaining bytes, < 2 word size
        let len = text.len();
        let ptr = text.as_ptr();
        type Chunk = usize;

        let (min_aligned_offset, max_aligned_offset) = {
            // We call this just to obtain the length of the prefix and suffix.
            // In the middle we always process two chunks at once.
            let (prefix, _, suffix) = unsafe { text.align_to::<(Chunk, Chunk)>() };
            (prefix.len(), len - suffix.len())
        };

        let mut offset = max_aligned_offset;
        if let Some(index) = text[offset..].iter().rposition(|elt| *elt == x) {
            return Some(offset + index);
        }

        // search the body of the text, make sure we don't cross min_aligned_offset.
        // offset is always aligned, so just testing `>` is sufficient and avoids possible
        // overflow.
        let repeated_x = repeat_byte(x);
        let chunk_bytes = mem::size_of::<Chunk>();

        while offset > min_aligned_offset {
            unsafe {
                let u = *(ptr.offset(offset as isize - 2 * chunk_bytes as isize) as *const Chunk);
                let v = *(ptr.offset(offset as isize - chunk_bytes as isize) as *const Chunk);

                // break if there is a matching byte
                let zu = contains_zero_byte(u ^ repeated_x);
                let zv = contains_zero_byte(v ^ repeated_x);
                if zu || zv {
                    break;
                }
            }
            offset -= 2 * chunk_bytes;
        }

        // find the byte before the point the body loop stopped
        text[..offset].iter().rposition(|elt| *elt == x)
    }

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